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| ru_nationalyears = 1885–1887 | ru_nationalcaps = 5 | ru_nationalpoints = (0) | ru_ntupdate = | other = yes | occupation = Mathematical physicist | spouse = | children = | relatives = Dame Mary Herring (daughter) | school = | university = Trinity College, Dublin}} Sir Thomas Ranken Lyle FRS (26 August 1860 – 31 March 1944)〔R.W. Home, ('Lyle, Sir Thomas Ranken (1860–1944)' ), Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10, Melbourne University Press, 1986, pp 172–174.〕 was an Irish-born and educated mathematical physicist, radiologist and educator. He emigrated to Australia to take up a professorship at the University of Melbourne, where he was a pioneer in the use of X-rays as a medical tool. A bronze medal is awarded in his name at most every two years to honour Australian achievements in Physics and Mathematics. In his earlier years in Ireland he was a rugby union forward of some note, who played club rugby for Dublin University and international rugby for Ireland.〔(Thomas Lyle player profile ) Scrum.com〕 ==Career== Lyle was born in Coleraine, Northern Ireland in 1860, the second son of Hugh Lyle, a well-to-do landowner. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, graduating in 1883 with full honours and student medals for his work in mathematics and physics. He received his MA in 1887, and continued his studies in advanced physics and mathematics. By 1889 he had emigrated to Australia, and at the age of 29, took up the position of the chair of natural philosophy at the University of Melbourne.〔 In 1891 a Master of Science was introduced at the University, and Thomas Lyle used the opportunity to set up a small research program. In 1892 he married Frances Isobel Clare Millear, the daughter of a prominent Western District grazier, and the two set up home in a professorial house provided by the University.〔 They had four children; Mary, Nancy, Thomas and Clare. Their first child, Mary Ranken Lyle (born in 1894), became a notable physician, and married Edmund Herring in 1922.〔 In February 1896, news reached the scientific community in Australia of Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of a new electromagnetic radiation. Lyle was one of several scientists within Australia to attempt to recreate Röntgen's experiments. As the equipment did not exist in the university, Lyle was forced to create it himself. He was an expert glassblower, and was able to make and excavate his own Crookes tube to produce practical X-rays.〔 From this Lyle was credited with taking and publishing the first X-ray photo in Australia,〔〔(The History of Neuroradiology: An Australian Perspective ) Sage, Michael R.; Department of Radiology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University of South Australia〕 a picture of the foot of a Professor Masson,〔 which was reproduced in newspapers the next day.〔(A short history of the origins of radiography in Australia ) Radiography, Volume 15, Supplement 1〕 In June 1896 he was invited to take a photo of a patient who had a needle embedded in their hand. The resulting 'shadow photograph', as the images were then known, allowed doctors to remove the needle with a single incision.〔 In 1901 Lyle and his family moved into a 20-room blue-stone mansion in Irvine Road, Toorak. Lyle and his wife's wealth was such that they were able to hire a staff of eight to look after the household and the family cow.〔 He had joined the board of visitors of the Melbourne Observatory in 1899, and from 1903 until his death he served as chairman. He represented the university on the Victorian Rhodes scholarship selection committee from 1904 until his retirement.〔 Although Lyle made early advances in X-rays, his field of expertise was in electrical power technology, especially in the areas of magnetic fields and alternating currents. He published many papers, most of which were also published in London. His scientific achievements were acknowledged in 1905 with the award of Sc.D. from Trinity College, Dublin, and again in 1912 with Fellowship of the Royal Society.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thomas Ranken Lyle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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